--- xorg-config.xml 2010-07-19 15:33:26.000000000 +0200 +++ xorg-config-20100719.xml 2010-07-19 23:04:02.000000000 +0200 @@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ + + + Xorg is the X Window server which allows users to have a graphical @@ -22,8 +25,8 @@ -1.29 -2010-05-23 +1.30 +2010-07-19 What is the X Window Server? @@ -88,26 +91,6 @@ Installing Xorg
-Kernel configuration - - -

-By default, Xorg uses evdev, a generic input driver. You'll need to -activate support for evdev by making a change to your kernel -configuration. (Read the -Kernel Configuration Guide if you -don't know how to setup your kernel.) -

- -
-Device Drivers --->
-  Input device support --->
-  <*>  Event interface
-
- - -
-
make.conf configuration @@ -122,7 +105,7 @@ have. The most common settings are nvidia for Nvidia cards or fglrx for ATI Radeon cards. Those are the proprietary drivers from Nvidia and ATI respectively. If you would like to use the open source nVidia driver, -use nv rather than nvidia in the variable, but bear in mind that +use nouveau rather than nvidia in the variable, but bear in mind that using this driver means no 3D acceleration at all. The free radeon and radeonhd drivers are available for ATI cards, and are more or less the equal of the proprietary fglrx driver. The intel driver may be @@ -148,20 +131,120 @@ (For mouse, keyboard, and Synaptics touchpad support) INPUT_DEVICES="evdev synaptics" (For Nvidia cards) -VIDEO_CARDS="nvidia" +VIDEO_CARDS="nouveau" (OR, for ATI Radeon cards) VIDEO_CARDS="radeon" -More instructions on how to configure nVidia and ATI cards can be found in the -Gentoo Linux nVidia Guide and in the +This guide refers to the open source drivers. Proprietary drivers may offer +better performance or more features. Instructions on how to configure +proprietary nVidia and ATI drivers can be found in the Gentoo Linux nVidia Guide and in the Gentoo Linux ATI FAQ. If you don't know which drivers you should choose, refer to these guides for more information. + +
+
+Kernel configuration +

-If the suggested settings don't work for you, you should run emerge -pv +By default, Xorg uses evdev, a generic input driver. You'll need to +activate support for evdev by making a change to your kernel +configuration. (Read the +Kernel Configuration Guide if you +don't know how to setup your kernel.) +

+ +
+Device Drivers --->
+  Input device support --->
+  <*>  Event interface
+
+ + +
+
+Kernel modesetting + + +

+Modern open source X drivers rely on kernel drivers that support modesetting +(KMS). Such kernel drivers will also provide a framebuffer console. Those +conflict with legacy framebuffer drivers, which must remain disabled. +

+ +
+Device Drivers --->
+  Graphics support --->
+    Support for frame buffer devices  --->
+    < >  VGA 16-color graphics support
+    < >  Userspace VESA VGA graphics support
+    [ ]  VESA VGA graphics support
+    [ ]  EFI-based Framebuffer Support
+    < >  nVidia Framebuffer Support
+    < >  nVidia Riva support
+    < >  Intel 810/815 support
+    < >  Intel 830M/845G/852GM/855GM/865G/915G/945G/945GM/965G/965GM support
+    < >  ATI Radeon display support
+    Console display driver support  --->
+    <*>  Framebuffer Console support
+
+ +
+Device Drivers --->
+  Graphics support --->
+    /dev/agpgart (AGP Support) --->
+    <*>  Intel 440LX/BX/GX, I8xx and E7x05 chipset support
+    Direct Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) --->
+    <*>  Intel 830M, 845G, 852GM, 855GM, 865G (i915 driver)
+    [*]  Enable modesetting on intel by default
+
+ +
+Device Drivers --->
+  Graphics support --->
+  <*>  Direct Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support)
+  Staging drivers --->
+  [ ]  Exclude Staging drivers from being built
+  <*>  Nouveau (nVidia) cards
+
+ +

+For newer ATI Radeon cards (Radeon HD 2000, aka. R600 and up) you need to install the +radeon-ucode package, which contains the microcode which is needed for +the radeon driver to work properly. Alternatively, there is the +linux-firmware package which contains the radeon microcode along with +a number of other firmware files. +

+ +
+Device Drivers --->
+  Generic Driver Options --->
+  [*]  Include in-kernel firmware blobs in kernel binary
+  # for Radeon HD 2000/3000/4000 series cards:
+  (radeon/R600_rlc.bin radeon/R700_rlc.bin) External firmware blobs to build into the kernel binary
+  # for Evergreen series cards:
+  (radeon/CEDAR_me.bin radeon/CEDAR_pfp.bin radeon/CEDAR_rlc.bin radeon/CYPRESS_me.bin
+    radeon/CYPRESS_pfp.bin radeon/CYPRESS_rlc.bin radeon/JUNIPER_me.bin radeon/JUNIPER_pfp.bin
+    radeon/JUNIPER_rlc.bin radeon/REDWOOD_me.bin radeon/REDWOOD_pfp.bin radeon/REDWOOD_rlc.bin)
+    External firmware blobs to build into the kernel binary 
+  (/lib/firmware) Firmware blobs root directory
+  Graphics support --->
+    Direct Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) --->
+    <*>  ATI Radeon
+    [*]  Enable modesetting on radeon by default
+
+ + +
+
+Installing the X server + +

+If the suggested make.conf settings don't work for you, you should run emerge -pv xorg-server, check all the options available and choose those which apply to your system. This example is for a system with a keyboard, mouse, Synaptics touchpad, and a Radeon video card. @@ -352,11 +435,18 @@ The xorg.conf file +

+Section "Device"
+  Identifier  "NVidia Video Card"
+  Driver      "nouveau"
+EndSection
+
+ -Configuring xorg.conf should be seen as a "last resort" option. It -really desirable to run without one if possible, and to do all your -configuration via HAL policy files. If you still can't get a working -configuration, then read on. +Configuring xorg.conf for the other drivers should be seen as a +"last resort" option. It really desirable to run without one if possible, and +to do all your configuration via HAL policy files. If you still can't get a +working configuration, then read on.

@@ -491,16 +581,16 @@ If you feel that the screen resolution is wrong, you will need to check two sections in your xorg.conf configuration. First of all, you have the Screen section which lists the resolutions, if any that your X server -will run at. By default, this section might not list any resolutions at all. If -this is the case, Xorg will estimate the resolutions based on the information in -the second section, Monitor. +will run at. By default, this section might not exist or list any resolutions +at all. If this is the case, Xorg will estimate the resolutions based on the +information in the second section, Monitor.

What happens is that Xorg checks the settings of HorizSync and VertRefresh in the Monitor section to compute valid resolutions. -For now, leave these settings as-is. Only when the changes to the Screen -section (which we will describe in a minute) don't work, then you will need to +For now, leave these settings as-is. Only when the changes to the PreferredMode +option (which we will describe in a minute) don't work, then you will need to look up the specs for your monitor and fill in the correct values.

@@ -513,23 +603,23 @@

Now let us change the resolutions. In the next example from -/etc/X11/xorg.conf we add the Modes lines and the -DefaultDepth so that our X server starts with 24 bits at 1440x900 by -default. Don't mind the given strings -- they are examples and will most likely -differ from the settings on your system. -

- -
-Section "Screen"
-  Identifier  "Default Screen"
-  Device    "RadeonHD 4550"
-  Monitor   "Generic Monitor"
-  DefaultDepth  24
-  # Skipping some text to improve readability
-  SubSection "Display"
-    Depth   24
-    Modes   "1440x900"
-  EndSubSection
+/etc/X11/xorg.conf we add the PreferredMode line so that
+our X server starts at 1440x900 by default. Don't mind the given strings -- 
+they are examples and will most likely differ from the settings on your system.
+The option in the Device section must match the name which xrandr
+shows for the monitor (in this case, DVI-0) and the argument must match
+the identifier of a Monitor section.
+

+
+
+Section "Device"
+  Identifier  "Video Card"
+  Option      "Monitor-DVI-0" "DVI Monitor"
+EndSection
+
+Section "Monitor"
+  Identifier  "DVI Monitor"
+  Option      "PreferredMode" "1440x900"
 EndSection
 

 
@@ -537,6 +627,29 @@
 Run X (startx) to discover it uses the resolution you want.
 

 
+

+If you have more than one Monitor, you can also encode the layout of these
+Monitors in /etc/X11/xorg.conf. In the following example we have
+one DVI and one VGA monitor:
+

+
+
+Section "Device"
+  Identifier  "Video Card"
+  Option      "Monitor-DVI-0" "DVI Monitor"
+  Option      "Monitor-VGA-0" "VGA Monitor"
+EndSection
+
+Section "Monitor"
+  Identifier  "DVI Monitor"
+EndSection
+
+Section "Monitor"
+  Identifier  "VGA Monitor"
+  Option      "RightOf" "DVI Monitor"
+EndSection
+

+
@@ -625,7 +738,7 @@

-If you're upgrading to xorg-server-1.6 from an earlier version, then be sure to +If you're upgrading to xorg-server-1.6 or 1.7 from an earlier version, then be sure to read the migration guide.